A GILT COPPER ALLOY FIGURE OF JANGCHUB GYALTSEN


TIBET, 16TH CENTURYThe front of the base inscribed with the Buddhist creed "y'e-dha-rma-he-du-pra..."; An inscription at the back of the base identifies the figure, translates, "Salutation to the Lord of Dharma, the benevolent Jangchub Gyaltsen."Himalayan Art Resources item no.61763 25.5 cm (10 in.) high
|Depicting one of the most important figures in Tibetan history, this charismatic sculpture of Jangchub Gyaltsen (1302-1364) undoubtedly represents an important commission from a master craftsman. The lama's face is vividly rendered with naturalistic contours, prominent cheekbones, and sunken cheeks around the mouth. The horizontal wrinkles on his forehead and meticulously delineated three-pronged beard afford him an elderly appearance. The artist or the patron probably intentionally chose to portray him at an old age to celebrate a lifetime of political and religious achievements. A spiritual leader with great ambition, Jangchub Gyaltsen founded the Pakmodrupa dynasty and directed military operations against the Mongol-backed Sakya regime in the early 1350s. He defeated the Sakya who caved under internal strife. In 1357, Jangchub Gyaltsen was given the secular title "Tai Situ" (Great Tutor) by the Mongol ruler, marking the official recognition of the Pakmodrupa administration's control over all 13 districts of Central and Western Tibet until circa 1435. As Mongol and Chinese rulers had little time for Tibetan affairs due to their own local political instability, Jangchub Gyaltsen and his successors governed Tibet independently for over eighty years, a golden age known for its religious and cultural developments. As a prominent patron of art and religious texts, Jangchub Gyaltsen is known for commissioning large sets of thangkas and copies of the Buddhist scriptural canon (kangyur). For example, he is portrayed as the donor at the bottom corners of a set of 42 mandalas commemorating Lama Dampa Sonam Gyaltsen (1312-75); for one example from the set, see Himalayan Art Resources item no.77204. Published Rossi & Rossi, Homage to the Holy: Portraits of Tibet's Spiritual Teachers, London, 2003, pl.31. ProvenancePrivate European Collection 銅鎏金絳曲堅贊像 西藏，十六世紀底座正面銘刻有佛教教義「y'e-dha-rma-he-du-pra...」；底座背面銘文譯為：「致敬慈悲的大法王絳曲堅贊」。喜馬拉雅藝術資源網61763號 高25.5釐米（10英吋）3,500,000-4,500,000港元 此尊造像生動刻劃了西藏歷史中最具有傳奇色彩的人物絳曲堅贊（1302-1364），技藝高超，必出自大師之手。造像寫實地表現了他沉靜的面容，高聳的顴骨，以及嘴角周邊凹陷的肌肉。額前的橫紋與精緻勾勒的鬚髮，顯現出藝術家有意塑絳曲堅贊的晚年形象，呈現其權力巔峰時期不凡的精神氣度和樣貌。 絳曲堅贊為西藏帕竹王朝建立者，宗教與政治事務的領袖，於十四世紀上半葉以武力推翻薩迦派的統治，並在其內鬥之時打敗有蒙古支持的薩迦派。1357年，元朝可汗策封其為「大司徒」，承認了其統一藏中和藏西十三大區、政教合一的帕竹地方政權。由於中原統治者無暇顧及西藏事務，絳曲堅贊和其繼任者獨立掌管西藏八十餘年，其在任期間被稱為西藏歷史和文化發展的黃金時期。 絳曲堅贊在世期間了出資繪製和抄寫了大量的唐卡和經卷。他的肖像出現在一組紀念索南堅贊（1312-75）的四十二張曼陀羅唐卡中，其中一幅畫有絳曲堅贊的唐卡可見於喜馬拉雅藝術資源網77204號。 著錄 Rossi & Rossi，《Homage to the Holy: Portraits of Tibet's Spiritual Teachers》，倫敦，2003年，版圖31。 來源歐洲私人收藏