Ca. 19th century Sukhothai style Buddha from Thailand. The Buddha is seated on a pedestal in the Bhumisparsa or 'Calling the Earth to Witness' mudrÄ. With fingers slightly touching the ground this position represents the subduing of Mara (a demon) who bombarded Buddha with demons, monsters, violent storms and the three seductive daughters. Remaining steadfast the Buddha testified to his meritorious past by pointing to the earth and calling the Earth Goddess, Thorani.Rising from the ground the Earth Goddess wrings the water from her long black hair. By this action she raises a torrential flood that drowns Mara and his army of demons. This gesture reflects this story symbolizing enlightenment, as well as steadfastness and Buddha’s achievement of perfection or nirvana.Provenance: Ex- UK Collection, acquired before 1975. Please contact us for high resolution images of the piece.